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The rally 'round the flag effect (or syndrome) is a concept used in political science and international relations to explain increased short-run popular support of the President of the United States during periods of international crisis or war.〔Goldstein, Joshua S., and Jon C. Pevehouse. International Relations: Eighth Edition. New York: Pearson Longman, 2008.〕 Because Rally 'Round The Flag syndrome reduces criticism of governmental policies, it is seen as a factor of diversionary foreign policy.〔 == Mueller's definition == Political scientist John Mueller wrote his landmark paper ''Presidential Popularity from Truman to Johnson'' in 1970, where he conceived the idea of the effect. Mueller defined the effect as coming from an event with three qualities:〔Mueller, John. "Presidential Popularity from Truman to Johnson." American Political Science Review.64(1970). #"Is international" #"Involves the United States and particularly the President directly" #"Specific, dramatic, and sharply focused" In addition, Mueller created five categories of rallies. These categories are considered dated by modern political scientists, as they rely heavily on Cold War events.〔Hetherington, Marc J., Michael Nelson. "Anatomy of a Rally Effect: George W. Bush and the War on Terrorism." PS: Political Science and Politics.36 (2003). #"Sudden US military intervention" (e.g., Korean War, Bay of Pigs Invasion) #"Major diplomatic actions" (e.g., Truman Doctrine) #"Dramatic technological developments" (e.g., Sputnik) #"US-Soviet summit meetings" (e.g., Potsdam Conference) #"Major military developments in ongoing wars" (e.g., Tet Offensive) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rally 'round the flag effect」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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